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Table 3 Effects of the number of largest elements from the output location vector (κ) and the scaling factor for a threshold (σ) on the Performance of multi-building and multi-floor indoor localization

From: A scalable deep neural network architecture for multi-building and multi-floor indoor localization based on Wi-Fi fingerprinting

κ

σ

Building hit rate [%]

Floor hit rate [%]

Success rate [%]

Positioning error [m]

     

Centroid

Weighted centroid

1

N/A ∗

99.82

91.90

91.81

11.40

11.40

2

0.0

99.37

92.44

91.81

10.62

10.54

 

0.1

100.00

91.81

91.81

10.40

10.33

 

0.2

99.82

92.62

92.44

9.74

9.66

 

0.3

99.64

91.99

91.81

9.78

9.71

 

0.4

99.73

91.54

91.45

10.29

10.21

 

0.5

100.00

90.01

90.01

10.16

10.09

3

0.0

99.73

91.54

91.36

10.14

9.79

 

0.1

99.91

90.91

90.82

9.92

9.76

 

0.2

98.83

90.91

90.28

9.98

9.80

 

0.3

99.55

92.08

91.90

10.13

10.01

 

0.4

99.91

91.99

91.99

10.63

10.47

 

0.5

99.82

90.37

90.37

9.94

9.89

4

0.0

99.82

90.91

90.91

10.27

9.66

 

0.1

99.37

91.99

91.63

10.37

9.92

 

0.2

99.64

92.08

91.90

10.26

10.09

 

0.3

99.82

91.45

91.36

10.24

10.16

 

0.4

99.91

92.26

92.17

10.35

10.23

 

0.5

99.82

91.27

91.18

10.10

10.07

5

0.0

99.91

91.36

91.27

11.29

10.36

 

0.1

99.91

91.63

91.63

9.90

9.62

 

0.2

99.91

90.73

90.73

9.89

9.57

 

0.3

99.82

90.91

90.82

10.27

9.99

 

0.4

99.73

92.17

92.08

10.17

10.01

 

0.5

99.82

92.98

92.89

10.59

10.54

6

0.0

99.82

91.90

91.72

10.84

9.71

 

0.1

99.64

92.08

91.81

10.35

9.86

 

0.2

100.00

91.99

91.99

9.85

9.56

 

0.3

99.82

92.80

92.80

10.49

10.22

 

0.4

99.37

91.09

91.00

10.32

10.17

 

0.5

99.64

90.91

90.64

9.55

9.52

7

0.0

99.82

89.29

89.29

11.74

10.22

 

0.1

99.82

90.19

90.01

10.43

9.82

 

0.2

99.91

91.45

91.45

10.00

9.55

 

0.3

99.91

91.63

91.54

9.75

9.53

 

0.4

99.64

90.46

90.19

10.42

10.28

 

0.5

99.55

91.45

91.36

9.83

9.73

8

0.0

99.91

90.19

90.10

11.32

9.27

 

0.1

100.00

91.27

91.27

10.62

10.14

 

0.2

99.82

91.27

91.18

9.76

9.29

 

0.3

99.82

90.55

90.37

9.95

9.82

 

0.4

99.91

90.37

90.28

10.21

10.14

 

0.5

99.91

90.55

90.55

9.86

9.79

9

0.0

99.82

91.00

90.91

12.75

9.76

 

0.1

99.82

90.28

90.19

10.17

9.55

 

0.2

99.82

90.73

90.64

10.05

9.76

 

0.3

99.82

91.45

91.36

10.36

10.23

 

0.4

100.00

91.81

91.81

9.86

9.78

 

0.5

99.91

92.80

92.71

10.26

10.23

10

0.0

99.91

90.91

90.82

13.21

9.75

 

0.1

99.82

92.71

92.62

10.37

9.85

 

0.2

99.91

91.72

91.72

10.33

10.04

 

0.3

100.00

90.82

90.82

10.47

10.24

 

0.4

100.00

91.09

91.09

10.10

9.96

 

0.5

100.00

91.90

91.90

9.96

9.91

  1. *N/A = not applicable; when κ = 1, the value of σ does not affect the selection of locations (i.e., reference points) included in the coordinates estimation